Marine Fender

When a ship docks or is moored, it will hit the dock at a certain speed under wind, waves, currents, and other factors. To protect ship-berthing buildings (piers) and ships from damage, a buffer device must be installed between the dock and the boat. This device is usually called an anti-collision device. There are many types of anti-collision equipment, which can be divided into wood, steel, rubber, etc., according to the material, and can be divided into fixed, suspended, floating, etc., according to the installation method.

Rubber fenders are a new type of terminal anti-collision equipment discovered in modern times. The rubber material itself has many advantages, such as good elasticity, corrosion resistance, and long service life, so it has been widely used around the world since the 1960s. Design and usage practices show that rubber fenders are effective shock absorbers and can provide excellent protection for docks and ships.

There are many types of rubber fenders. The main types commonly used at home and abroad are as follows:

1) Cylindrical rubber fender

2) Semi-circular rubber fender

3) Arched rubber fender

4) Drum type rubber fender

5) Floating rubber fender

6) Inflatable rubber fender

7) Other rubber fenders: rotating fenders, tugboat fenders, dock corner fenders, etc.

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The development history of wharf anti-collision equipment is closely related to the technological development level of ships and ports. Compared with the development of ships, the history of anti-collision equipment is concise. It has only been more than 200 years since its simplest type appeared. The advent of rubber anti-collision equipment (rubber fenders) is even shorter, only about 80 years ago.

After the Second World War, the world's shipbuilding industry developed rapidly. The types of ships continued to increase, the tonnage of ships increased rapidly, and imports became increasingly developed. Light wharf structural types appeared, and the original wooden anti-collision devices could no longer meet the requirements of ship berthing. As a result, anti-collision equipment made of other materials (such as rubber fenders, etc.) appeared one after another. The United States first produced and used rubber fenders in 1932, and Europe began to adopt and manufacture rubber fenders in the 1940s. Japan began using it in late 1954, and production began in 1956. Many new large rubber fenders have appeared to meet the needs of supertanker berthing and parking.

In my country, trial production of rubber fenders began in the 1970s. After over 30 years, rubber fender production has begun to take shape, and product quality has reached the advanced foreign level, basically meeting the supporting needs of my country's port construction.

Rubber fenders have an excellent buffering and protective effect on docks and ships; due to the huge impact force when a ship docks (berthing, parking, or moving), it often causes serious consequences such as damage to ship components, deformation of the hull, or deformation and displacement of the dock. Rubber fenders can absorb this impact energy and protect docks and ships from damage.

In recent years, the importance of anti-collision equipment at docks has become more and more apparent. The tonnage of ships has continued to increase, and the impact and vibration energy has risen sharply. Some large cruise ship docks are built on unprotected open seas. In addition, the design of terminals near the terminal tends to be lightweight structures. All of this has shown that the development of high-energy, low-reaction fenders is significant and urgent.

There are many types of rubber fenders, and their energy absorption principles vary depending on the type. For example, compression fenders rely on the structural deformation of the product after the product is compressed to absorb the adequate impact energy of the ship; shear fenders use the shear deformation of the rubber fender to absorb the proper impact energy of the vessel; rotational compression fenders The rotation and compression deformation of the rubber fender is used to absorb the adequate impact energy of the ship; the inflatable fender uses the compressed air in the rubber body as the buffer medium to absorb the proper impact energy of the ship.